设计与产品datagubbe.se
可用性的衰退
The Decline of Usability
2020 — 2024，它一次次回到首页
黑点是上首页（≥ 50 分）的那次投稿，空心点是没冲上去的投稿，点越大分数越高。
导读
这篇文章讨论软件可用性的衰退，批评现代界面把触屏逻辑强加给桌面、用图标取代文字、隐藏关键控件，并因频繁更新打乱用户习惯。它通过具体软件例子说明，这些设计选择不仅让新用户难以上手，也损害了可访问性和跨应用的一致性。
为什么经久不衰：它把日常软件中令人烦躁却说不清的设计问题讲清楚了，而且随着自动更新和移动化普及，文中批评的模式今天仍在继续。
HN 评论精选
批评现代桌面软件盲目套用触屏手势、图标泛滥且不可搜索或滚动，导致可发现性下降。
Ubuntu 从 18.04 开始变差。桌面登录现在要用鼠标“上滑”才能调出密码框，这个手势本来是为了防止设备放在口袋里被误触，放在桌面上完全不合适。还有图标狂热：我最近从 Blender 2.79 转到 2.82，多了很多图标，它们会变暗、变色、随模式切换消失，而且至少有七条图标工具栏，有些还能调整大小。渲染界面重新设计后很多图标被挪走，你没法用谷歌搜一个图标；“??? 去哪了”成了使用 Blender 2.82 的重要部分。Blender 粉丝会说用键盘快捷键，可快捷键指南有 13 页。最近用 GIMP，工具栏里大半图标找不到。原来如果工具栏放在主窗口里（可选），高度不够时剩下的图标就取不到，不能滚动，也没有溢出提示，看起来就像一半图标消失了。（我不知道 Windows 10 那边怎么样，我最后一台 Windows 机器还跑 Windows 7。）
Animats查看英文原文
Ubuntu got worse at 18.04. Logging in on desktop now requires "swiping up" with the mouse to get the password box. The "swiping" thing is to avoid problems with unwanted activation when the device is in your pocket. It's totally inappropriate to desktops. Then there's icon mania. I've recently converted from Blender 2.79 to Blender 2.82. Lots of new icons. They dim, they change color, they disappear as modes change, and there are at least seven toolbars of icons. Some are resizable. Many icons were moved as part of a redesign of rendering. You can't Google an icon. "Where did ??? go" is a big part of using Blender 2.82. Blender fanboys argue for using keyboard shortcuts instead. The keyboard shortcut guide is 13 pages. Recently I was using "The Gimp", the GNU replacement for Photoshop, and I couldn't find most of the icons in the toolbar. Turns out that if the toolbar is in the main window (which is optional), and it's too tall to fit, you can't get at the remaining icons. You have to resize the toolbar to give it more space. Can't scroll. There's no visual indication of overflow. It just looks like half the icons are missing. (I have no idea what's happening in Windows 10 land. I have one remaining Windows machine, running Windows 7.)
自动更新导致界面频繁变动，破坏肌肉记忆并伤害可访问性；稳定一致的 UI 是自由软件可争取用户的机会。
现在不只是每个应用风格不同，有些还每隔几周就通过自动更新换样式或加功能，连 Office 365 桌面版也这样。这不仅是可用性灾难，也是可访问性问题：想象教年长的邻居写 Word 文档，几周练习后他们肌肉记忆里“常用的是左边第 5 个按钮”，结果微软下次更新又加一个，它就变成第 6 个了。这本来是自由软件可以大放异彩的地方——你可以用“所有应用操作一致，而且我们承诺除非万不得已，UI 每两年最多变一次”来吸引很多人。
red_admiral查看英文原文
It's not only that every app has a different style these days, but some of them change their style or add new features via auto-update every few weeks. Even office 365 (desktop version) does this. It's not just a usability nightmare, it's an accessibility one too (although the two go hand in hand most of the time). Imagine teaching some elderly neighbour how to write a word document, and after weeks of practice they get it into their muscle memory that the thing they want a lot is the 5th button from the left ... then microsoft adds another one in the next update so it's now the 6th. This would be one place where free software could really shine - you could convert a lot of people with "every application works the same, and we promise we won't change the UI more than once every two years unless we really have to.
隐藏式、语义误导的控件（名为菜单实为侧栏开关）让普通用户难以发现和操作。
我经常因为界面不直观而不得不帮年长亲戚弄电脑，这挺悲哀的。最近一个难忘例子是我母亲，她搞不懂怎么把 Gmail 侧边栏展开。我花了些时间才意识到是左上角那个像汉堡菜单的图标。它的提示写着“主菜单”，但它不是菜单，而是控制侧边栏折叠。更让人困惑的是它位于顶部面板，被一条线隔开，让人觉得它和侧边栏无关，反而更接近 logo、搜索框等。
oftenwrong查看英文原文
It is quite sad how often I end up having to help older relatives with their computers on account of unintuitive UI. One memorable, recent example was my mother, who could not figure out how to get her GMail sidebar to un-collapse itself. Here's a screenshot of a collapsed sidebar: https://storage.googleapis.com/support-forums-api/attachment/thread-2548880-18054002412364674965.png and a screenshot of an un-collapsed sidebar: https://techcrunch.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/RC-Conversation-View-On.png?resize=1536,960 It took me some time to realise out that it is the hamburger-menu-like icon in the upper-left corner. It has a tooltip that says "Main Menu", but it is not a menu. It controls collapsing of the sidebar. Confusingly, it is positioned in the top panel, separated by a line that would make one think it is not related to the sidebar, and closer in affinity to the logo, search box, etc.
用感觉型/直觉型的人群差异解释：多数用户按具体应用建立操作映射，而程序员期待跨应用一致，导致设计取向冲突。
部分原因在于“感觉型”的人赢了。感觉型（约 70% 人口）通过映射来使用应用：点这里就会这样。根据文献和我丈夫的经验，不管应用之间多相似，他们都会为每个应用单独建立映射。大多数程序员是直觉型：我们希望一个应用里的操作方式和另一个应用一样，这样学新东西更容易。但我们只占 30%。随便怪什么趋势：手机、触屏、微型计算机、永恒九月……随着时间推移，我们越来越被那 70% 的人在数量和消费上压倒。
EEMac查看英文原文
Part of this is because the sensors are winning. Sensors (about 70% of the population) use an application by mapping: a click here does this. Based on literature and my experience with my husband, maps are made separately for each application no matter what the similarities are. Most computer programmers are intuitives: we want things to work the same way in one application as they work in another. That makes it easier for us to learn new things. But we're only 30% of the population. Blame whatever trend you want: phones, touch screens, microcomputers, Eternal September . . . we've been increasingly outnumbered and out-spent by the 70% as time goes on.
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