互联网与文化idlewords.com编辑精选
网站肥胖危机
The Website Obesity Crisis
2016 — 2021，它一次次回到首页
黑点是上首页（≥ 50 分）的那次投稿，空心点是没冲上去的投稿，点越大分数越高。
导读
这是 Maciej Cegłowski（idlewords）的经典演讲文稿《网站肥胖症危机》，批评现代网页越来越臃肿：动辄数 MB 的 JavaScript、追踪脚本和广告，把本可以轻巧快速的页面变成了华而不实的“卡通”。作者提出“鸡屎极简主义”等概念，并给出让网站回归轻量的建议。
为什么经久不衰：它精准诊断了网页膨胀的根源（广告、框架堆砌、激励错位），这些问题至今未解，每次重登首页都引发共鸣。
HN 评论精选
激励结构奖励“添加”而非“删减”，是网页不断膨胀的深层原因
我认为这是因为人们（设计师、程序员等）因“创造东西”而拿奖金和薪水，而不是因“拆掉东西”。简历上写“实现了功能 x、设计了 y、添加了 z”，远比“删掉了只有 10% 用户用的 1 万行垃圾代码、去掉了显示动画雪花的 1MB JS”更能塑造好形象。所以东西越堆越多毫不奇怪——连 Gmail 都每六个月无故改版一次，因为 Google 有全职设计师在 Gmail 团队，他们不可能年底汇报说“网站两年前就很好用了，今年我什么都没动”。
rdtsc查看英文原文
I think it is because people (designers, coders, etc) get bonuses and paychecks for creating stuff more than tearing down stuff. Put this on your resume -- "Implemented feature x, designed y, added z" vs "Cut out 10k lines worth of crap only 10% of customers used, stripped away stupid 1Mb worth for js that displays animated snowflakes, etc". You'd produce a better perception by claiming you added / created / built, rather than deleted. So it is not surprising that more stuff gets built, more code added to the pile, more features implemented. Heck, even GMail keeps changing every 6 months for apparently no reason. But in reality there is a reason -- Google has full time designers on the GMail team. There is probably no way they'd end the year with "Yap, site worked great, we did a nice job 2 years ago, so I didn't touch it this year."
臃肿化是整个软件行业的通病，不只是网页
“鸡屎极简主义：用数兆字节的垃圾堆砌出的简单假象。”这不只限于网站——很多软件也有同样的趋势：新版本看起来更简单、功能反而更少，却不知为何比旧版本消耗更多资源。
userbinator查看英文原文
"Chickenshit Minimalism: the illusion of simplicity backed by megabytes of cruft." This is not restricted to websites - a lot of software has suffered from the same trend, where newer versions look simpler - and often have reduced functionality - while for some reason still requiring more resources than the previous version.
远离原生 HTML 是膨胀的源头，但作者的部分监管主张值得商榷
这篇文章总体很好。我发现一个人离原生 HTML 越远，就越会不知不觉引入臃肿。要让表单获得焦点？下载个 Angular 插件吧，既然用了 Angular，谁还会想用原生方式！原生 DOM 虽不优雅但不能忽视，必须去理解它——你不需要新插件、新字体、CSS reset 也能干净地实现想要的效果。不过文中提议“严格监管广告创业公司”有点跑偏：删除数据在协作类应用中会有问题，“离线权”理论上美好但很多设备确实需要联网才能工作，市场压力可能比监管更有效。
BinaryIdiot查看英文原文
For the most part this is a pretty good article. I find that the more removed someone is from the real, vanilla HTML the more bloat they will inadvertently bring in. Need to focus a form? Download an angular plugin because you're using angular, why would you want to do it natively! The native DOM is pretty inelegant but at the same time it can't be ignored; it must be understood. You don't need a new plugin, font, css reset file to accomplish everything you want and you can even do it cleanly! I was a little concerned about this part though: > [...]ad startups will grow desperate[...]This why I've proposed we regulate the hell out of them now[1]. I'm all for downloading of your information but some of the other things are just a bit off the mark. Like deleting your data can be problematic in any type of collaborative / productivity app. The right to go offline is nice in theory but many devices may actually need the internet to work and without it it wouldn't be able to function. I mean yeah the examples given are good examples as to things that can be "smart" and "dumb" but what about similar things, like sensors and other types of trackers? Seems like market pressures would be better to change those items than regulation. [1] http://idlewords.com/talks/what_happens_next_will_amaze_you.htm#six_fixes
追踪分析和现成 JS 库造成的臃肿不亚于广告
广告确实是大问题，但现成的 JavaScript 框架/库的贡献可能不亚于广告，甚至更多。看一眼 cnn.com 首次加载的网络请求：167KB 的评论库 livefyre、93KB 的 Optimizely 追踪分析、72KB 的 Krux 数据管理、61.9KB 的 Gigya 登录框架、87.5KB 的又一个分析框架……如果 cnn.com 有代表性，那么用于分析、登录、社交媒体等功能的现成 JS 框架，和展示广告一样是臃肿的元凶。
charles-salvia查看英文原文
Ads are definitely a huge problem, but it seems they are at least equally, perhaps even less of a contributor to bloat than the tons of off-the-shelf Javascript frameworks/libraries major websites throw in to perform analytics, or to implement stock features like user-comments, login, social-media stuff, etc. I mean, just looking at the network resources for a fresh download of www.cnn.com, I see: livefyre_base.js, 167KB - apparently some kind of user-comment library cdn.optimizely.com/js/131788053.js, 93.2K - some library for user tracking/analytics or something, controltag.js, 72K - something from a company called "Krux DMP" that seems to be yet more user analytics and tracking, sdk.js, 61.9K - something from gigya.com, apparently some kind of login and user-preferences framework jsmd.js, 87.5K - another analytics framework ... and various others. I see a "pubads_impl_113.js" from doubleclick.net, which is obviously for ads, but if cnn.com is typical, then it seems that off-the-shelf Javascript frameworks for user analytics and other stock features like logins/social-media crap, etc., are just as big a factor in contributing to bloat as display ads.
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