编程与软件工程codewords.recurse.com编辑精选
从内部理解 Git
Git from the inside out
2015 — 2022，它一次次回到首页
黑点是上首页（≥ 50 分）的那次投稿，空心点是没冲上去的投稿，点越大分数越高。
导读
这篇文章从内部机制讲解 Git：仓库本质上是一个只追加的对象数据库，提交（commit）、树对象（tree）和文件内容对象（blob）构成历史，分支、HEAD 等只是指向这些对象的可读指针。文章通过拆解常见命令，说明暂存区、工作区和提交历史是如何一步步被操作和生成的。
为什么经久不衰：它把 Git 从“黑盒命令”还原成可理解的对象模型，读懂一次就能解释许多日常操作，而不必死记命令。
HN 评论精选
Git 命令只是底层对象操作的便利封装，不理解基础就容易卡住。
有些系统最好被当成黑盒：输入命令，魔法发生。Git 并不是这样设计的，早期用户知道这一点。过去五年许多 GUI 填补了空缺，结果越来越多人因为缺少底层知识而彻底卡住。Git 本质上是管理只追加的树对象、blob 和提交仓库的工具；为方便人类，它加了分支/HEAD/stash 等可读指针、暂存区/工作区、仓库间追加对象的方法，以及简化常见任务步骤的命令。最后一类命令带来痛苦，因为缺乏基础的用户没意识到它们其实复合了许多小步骤。
edejong查看英文原文
Certain systems can best be understood as black boxes. You put some commands in and magic happens. Git was not designed to be such a system and early users of git know this. During the last 5 years, many GUIs have filled in this gap, making it increasingly likely to find people completely stuck because they miss knowledge of the foundations. Git is a utility to manage an append-only repository of tree-objects, blobs and commits. To help humans, git adds - human-readable pointers (branches, HEAD, stash) - an method to incrementally add changes (staging/index/working area) - a method to append tree-objects, blobs and commits from repository to another - some commands which alleviate steps in common tasks These last set of commands cause pain, as users without foundational knowledge, do not realize these commands are compounding many small steps.
推荐另一篇帮助理解 Git 底层模型的经典教程。
另见《Git from the Bottom Up》：https://jwiegley.github.io/git-from-the-bottom-up/ 。我几年前初学 Git 时读了很多教程，这一篇最帮我真正理解它。
AceJohnny2查看英文原文
See also "Git from the Bottom Up" https://jwiegley.github.io/git-from-the-bottom-up/ I read lots of tutorials on Git when I started with it just a few years ago, and that's the one that best helped me grok it.
建议补充底层命令说明，并期待实时可视化工作区与 .git 变化的工具。
我喜欢这篇文章的写作风格和覆盖范围，做得很好。我希望在合适的地方至少提一下 Git 的底层（plumbing）命令，再揭开半层魔法。比如在讲 git add 的部分链接到 git hash-object 的信息，用脚注就够了，不必拖慢节奏。有时很难发现哪些 plumbing 命令对应前面提到的操作。大多数 Git 教程会画 blob、tree、分支和箭头的彩色图，能传达含义，但常与工作目录和 .git 目录里实际发生的事有心理断层。有人知道能在提交或切换分支时实时显示这种图的工具吗？如果能一边输入命令更新图、一边监视文件系统、显示命令到底改了哪些文件，会更有互动性。
no_protocol查看英文原文
I like the writing style and the scope of the piece. Well done. I kind of wish there were at least mentions of git plumbing commands where appropriate, to shake off one more level (half a level?) of magic. For example, just link to some information on `git hash-object` in the section on `git add`. Footnotes would probably be enough. No need to bog down the relatively quick pacing. Sometimes it can be hard to discover which plumbing commands correspond to the actions mentioned. Most git tutorials come with diagrams of blobs and trees and branches with all the arrows and color coding. They get the meaning across but often seem to come with a bit of a mental disconnect from what is actually happening in the working directory and .git directory. Does anyone know of a tool to display that kind of diagram in real time while you are making commits or checking out new branches? It could bring an extra level of interactivity to the presentation. Imagine if the graphs on this page were updating live while you had to type the git commands to get them to update AND you could monitor the filesystem at the same time, showing exactly which files were changed by the command.
交互式可视化练习是学习 Git 分支的有效方式。
推荐 http://learngitbranching.js.org/?NODEMO 。我最近没怎么见到 Git 文章链接这个网站。教人 Git 最好的方式之一，就是带着执行命令并让他们看到命令的可视化表示。它还有一个很棒的单人学习模式。
davewhat查看英文原文
http://learngitbranching.js.org/?NODEMO I haven't seen a git article link to this amazing website recently. By far one of the best ways to teach someone git is to walk someone through git by executing commands and allowing them to see the visual representation of those commands. There is also an amazing single-player learning mode.
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