思考与写作wipp.energy.gov
这里不是荣耀之地：给一万年后人类的核废料警告
This is not a place of honor
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黑点是上首页（≥ 50 分）的那次投稿，空心点是没冲上去的投稿，点越大分数越高。
导读
这是美国能源部 WIPP（废物隔离试点工厂）项目的一份报告：如何为储存放射性废料的场地设计警示标记，让一万年后的人类仍能理解并远离。文章汇集了材料科学家、语言学家、人类学家等跨学科团队提出的方案，包括用图案、文字、建筑甚至民间传说传递危险信息。
为什么经久不衰：它把一个看似工程的问题变成关于语言、符号与文化如何跨越万年的思想实验，启发性经久不衰。
HN 评论精选
作者发现自己的大学房东正是设计警示符号的团队成员之一，并补充了报告原标题和人物趣事。
天哪。Dieter Ast 是我大学时的房东。这下我地下室的很多事就说得通了。还没读文章的人注意：真正的标题是《关于阻止无意闯入废物隔离试点工厂的标记的判决》。Ast 教授是其中一个跨学科团队的材料科学家，该团队负责为一万年的核废料储存地设计警示符号。他以前常到处收集要被扔掉的旧实验室电脑，装上 Windows 2000 或 Puppy Linux 让它们复活。
amk_查看英文原文
Holy shit. Dieter Ast was my landlord in college. This explains so much about my basement. To those who haven't read the article yet, the real title is Judgment on Markers to Deter Inadvertent Human Intrusion into the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant. Prof Ast was the material scientist on one of the multidisciplinary teams tasked to design warning symbols for 10,000 year nuclear waste storage sites. He used to go around collecting old lab computers that were going to be thrown out and resurrect them with Windows 2000 or Puppy Linux installs.
认为现有设计合理、伪神秘信息是必要的后备，并主张建大型实体纪念碑、用大样本保存语言。
与这里许多评论相反，我认为他们考虑得不错：如何让标记令人畏惧，又不至于读起来像“此地有宝藏”。那些伪神秘的信息听起来很俗气，但它们是有效的后备系统，以防未来世代看不懂直白的“这是核废料，以下是对核废料的描述”。而更原始的沟通方式值得更多考虑，因为那才是更难的部分。另外，我认为“不设标记、只留一块无名地”的方案不可靠。一万年很长，希望那时居住着比我们更先进的民族，他们在这段时间里会大量挖掘。话虽如此，我建议的方案是建一座巨大而朴素的纪念碑，在物理上让人难以绕行。虽然金字塔内部被盗过，但金字塔本身还能再存一万年，我怀疑在这段时间里没人会试图在它们下面采矿。经验表明，保存一种语言最好的方式是确保样本足够大，让别人能暴力破解，所以这些金字塔里可以放满带图片的详细说明的房间。
jtolmar查看英文原文
Contrary to many of the comments here, I think they did a good job of considering what it takes to make something foreboding without sounding like "here be treasure." The pseudo-mystical messages sound hokey, but they're effectively a backup system in case the straight-up "This is atomic waste, here's a description of atomic waste" descriptions are incomprehensible to future generations. And the more primitive communications deserve more consideration, because that's the harder part. Additionally, I don't think the "no marker, anonymous patch of ground" plan is sound. 10000 years is a long time, which will hopefully be inhabited by peoples more advanced than us, and they could do a lot of digging in that time. That said, the approach I'd suggest would just be a big plain monument that's physically obnoxious to get around. Although the insides of the pyramids have been robbed, the pyramids themselves will last another 10000 years, and I doubt anyone will try to mine under them during that time. And experience has shown that the best way to preserve a language is to make sure there's a large enough sample for someone to brute-force it, so these pyramids could contain chambers full of detailed explanations with pictures.
推荐 99pi 播客，认为口述传统和民间故事比符号更能跨越时间传递危险信息。
http://99percentinvisible.org/episode/ten-thousand-years/ 99pi 做过一期很棒的节目。我觉得最有趣的想法是：文化渗透得比任何东西都深。所以把“猫在辐射附近会变色”之类的故事撒播到我们的世界里效果最好。因为符号的含义会变，而口述传统或老妇人的传说能流传得久得多。
frostirosti查看英文原文
http://99percentinvisible.org/episode/ten-thousand-years/ 99pi did an awesome about this. I thought the most interesting idea was that culture permeated much deeper than anything else. So seed our world with these stories of cats that changed color near radiation or something like that would do best. Since symbols meaning change but oral tradition or old wives tales last much longer.
用日本海啸石碑作为现实类比，说明长时段警示标记确实可能被后人理解和遵守。
这让我想起日本的海啸石碑：http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/21/world/asia/21stones.html 它们是几百年前的标记，警告未来的村民不要在某一高度以下建房（过去海啸的高水位线）。在一些地方，它们至今仍被遵守。
umanwizard查看英文原文
I'm reminded of Japanese tsunami stones: http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/21/world/asia/21stones.html They are markers hundreds of years old warning future villagers not to build below certain points (high-water marks for past tsunamis). In some locations they are still respected today.
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