创业与商业latimes.com
为什么眼镜这么贵？眼镜行业宁愿保持模糊
Why are glasses so expensive? The eyewear industry prefers to keep that blurry
2019 — 2022，它一次次回到首页
黑点是上首页（≥ 50 分）的那次投稿，空心点是没冲上去的投稿，点越大分数越高。
导读
《洛杉矶时报》专栏文章追问：一副眼镜为什么卖这么贵？作者指出，从镜片、镜架到零售店和视力保险，整个产业链被少数巨头（尤其是 Luxottica）高度整合。所谓“竞争”很大程度上只是同一家公司旗下不同品牌的假象，消费者因此很难比价。文章还讨论了验光处方、线上配镜等可能的破局方式。
为什么经久不衰：配镜贵是几乎每个戴眼镜的人都亲历过的痛点，而这篇报道把价格背后的产业垄断结构讲清楚了；文中关于处方权、线上配镜和保险套路的讨论，多年后依然实用。
HN 评论精选
美国法律保障你拿处方的权利，但医生常漏写瞳距；线上配镜可行，但不能代替实地眼科检查。
提醒一下：在美国，FTC 规定验光师在检查后必须把处方给你，拒绝提供可能面临法律处罚。不过 FTC 并未规定处方上必须写哪些信息，很多医生会省略瞳距（PD），而这是线上配镜必需的测量值。好在检查后自己测瞳距的方法不少；如果你特别在意精度，还是用医生的测量。另外必须强调：线上配镜质量也许不输实体店，但线上验光绝不能替代面对面的眼科全面检查。
jawns查看英文原文
Reminder, if you're in the US, the FTC says your eye doctor must give you your prescription after your exam. If a doctor refuses to do so, they can face legal action and penalties. https://www.consumer.ftc.gov/blog/2016/05/buying-prescription-eyeglasses-your-rights-are-clear That said, I don't think the FTC stipulates what information must appear on the prescription. Many docs leave off your PD (pupillary distance), which is a necessary measurement if you're buying online. Fortunately, there are a variety of easy ways to take this measurement yourself after the exam, although if you're really concerned about precision, you'll want the doctor's measurement. And by the way, it should go without saying, but I'll say it anyway. Although the quality of eyewear available online can be comparable to what you'd get in store ... please don't think an online eye exam is an acceptable substitute for visiting an ophthalmologist in person and getting a comprehensive eye exam!
Luxottica 同时控制品牌、渠道和保险，形成纵向垄断；美国几乎只有 Costco 和 Walmart 例外。
眼镜贵的根源是一家公司同时拥有：几乎所有大牌镜架（Ray-Ban、Oakley、Prada、Armani 等），几乎所有零售连锁（LensCrafters、Pearle Vision、Sears Optical、Target Optical），以及最大的视力保险公司之一 EyeMed。可看 60 Minutes 关于 Luxottica 的报道。在美国，只有 Costco 和 Walmart 的眼镜部门独立于 Luxottica。
interlocutor查看英文原文
The reason glasses cost so much is because one company owns: (1) nearly all brand name frames including Ray-Ban, Oakley, Prada eyewear, Armani eyewear and so on, (2) nearly all retail stores such as LensCrafters, Pearle Vision, Sears Optical and Target Optical and (3) EyeMed, one of the largest vision insurance companies. See this eye-opening 60 Minutes story on Luxottica: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gDdq2rIqAlM Luxottica retail brands: http://www.luxottica.com/en/retail-brands Luxottica eyewear brands: http://www.luxottica.com/en/eyewear-brands Luxottica vision insurance: http://www.luxottica.com/en/node/6336 In the US, only Costco and Walmart's optical departments are independent of Luxottica.
助听器比眼镜更贵且保险覆盖更差，凸显这类辅助设备的支付困境。
要说贵得离谱、却又和眼镜一样是职场基本必需的东西，那就是助听器——它是“耳朵的眼镜”。但相比之下眼镜便宜得难以置信，很多不错的公司保险还能基本全额报销，助听器却没有这种待遇。想象一下眼镜每片镜片要 2000–3000 美元，而公司保险只肯部分报销、且限你一生配一副——这就是我所在的财富 50 强雇主的真实政策。
pugworthy查看英文原文
You want to know what's outrageously expensive, yet equally important for basic ability to function in the workplace and other situations? Hearing aids. Hearing aids are glasses for your ears. But compared to them, glasses are unbelievably dirt cheap, and basically fully covered by a lot of decent company insurance plans. Hearing aids? Not the case. Imagine if glasses cost $2-3000 per lens. PER LENS. And your company insurance offered to cover some of it, but limited you to ONE PAIR IN YOUR LIFETIME. That's the policy of my Fortune 50 employer believe it or not.
这是美国特有的问题：德国的镜片和验配服务价格合理且不含保险。
标题该改成“为什么眼镜在美国这么贵”。请不要把美国的情况当成普世标准。在德国，镜片价格相当合理（以我外行的视角），大概 40 美元，加 30 美元可以做防反光或选大牌产品之类。镜架像所有时尚产品一样，从几美元到想花多少都行。测量、调整镜架都包含在服务里。据我所知，这些都不涉及医保。
blackbrokkoli查看英文原文
Title correction: Why are glasses so expensive in the US? The American eyewear industry prefers to keep that blurry. Please stop using the US as the "that's how it is"-standard. In Germany, you pay a very reasonable (from my layman perspective) price for the lenses, maybe about 40$ plus another 30$ if you want to have non-reflective glasses or product from big name producers and stuff like that. Like every fashion product, frames start at a few bucks up to whatever you want to pay. Measurements, bending the frame are included in the service. None of this involves health insurance, as far as I know.
历次讨论
同类还值得读
微软已死（2007）
Microsoft is Dead (2007)
Paul Graham 2007 年的一篇短文，判断微软在互联网与创业竞争中已不再令人畏惧、失去影响力——所谓“死”并非字面倒闭。
创业与商业上首页 8 次 · 2007–2025paulgraham.comH&R Block 与 Intuit 游说反对简化报税（2017）
H&R Block and Intuit Lobbying Against Simpler Tax Filing (2017)
2017年ProPublica调查报道梳理了H&R Block和Intuit如何通过游说反对更简单的美国报税方式，尤其是政府预填税表和免费申报等改革。
创业与商业上首页 5 次 · 2017–2022propublica.org你本不该有老板
You Weren't Meant to Have a Boss (2008)
Paul Graham 2008 年的经典文章，论证人类在演化中习惯于小团体协作，而大公司的层级结构和老板制度是人为产物，对程序员尤其有害——因为编程的本质是创造新事物，而大公司…
创业与商业上首页 5 次 · 2008–2020paulgraham.com为什么要在经济糟糕时创业
Why to Start a Startup in a Bad Economy
Paul Graham 的经典短文，论证经济衰退并不是创业的障碍：真正决定成败的是创始人和产品，而非宏观环境；衰退期反而竞争更少、人才更易招、成本更低。
创业与商业上首页 5 次 · 2008–2022paulgraham.com做那些不可规模化的事
Do Things that Don't Scale
Paul Graham 2013 年的经典创业文章《Do Things that Don't Scale》。
创业与商业上首页 4 次 · 2013–2025paulgraham.com编辑精选