科学与数学statnews.com
乌鸦拥有曾被认为主要为人类独有的更高智力
Crows possess higher intelligence long thought a primarily human attribute
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导读
这篇 STAT 新闻报道了关于乌鸦认知的研究，指出乌鸦可能具备过去认为主要属于人类的高级智能或意识相关能力。文章结合实验与专家观点，讨论鸦科动物复杂认知的神经基础，以及这一发现对人类独特性的挑战。
为什么经久不衰：它把“动物有多聪明”从轶事提升到实验与神经机制层面，持续引发关于意识演化和人类特殊性的讨论，因此多年后仍值得读。
HN 评论精选
建议用可逐步升级的抽象任务（如推箱子）系统测量动物一般智力，质疑现有实验任务不够灵活。
希望这个领域的人能回答我的问题：我花了很多时间搜索动物智能研究，知道聪明动物能做很多事，但不知道它们的极限在哪里、不能做什么。已发表的研究用的任务都太不灵活。如果我们想测量一般智力，为什么没人尝试教鸦科、章鱼、猕猴或海豚一个需要在头脑中构建抽象层级、难度不断升级的任务？至少章鱼会用电脑屏幕，也喜欢有食物奖励的难题，教它们玩电脑解谜应该不难？比如做一个四键键盘，从极简的推箱子关卡开始……如果它们具有一般智力，这种系统会比每次都要搭新装置、从头训练动物的实验更能揭示极限。是我搜索时漏掉答案了吗？
SonOfLilit查看英文原文
Hopefully someone in the field will read this and be able to answer my question: I've spent a lot of time googling research about animal intelligence, and I now know a bunch of things intelligent animals can do, but I have no idea where their limits are, what they can't do. Everything published uses such... nonflexible tasks. If we're trying to measure general intelligence, why isn't anybody trying to teach corvids, octopi, macaques or dolphins a task that requires building towers of abstraction in their own mind, and then gives them harder and harder "levels"? I know at least octopi can use computer screens, and I know they enjoy hard puzzles that reward them with food, so it should be easy to teach them some computer puzzle game? Say, we could build a four key keyboard that they can use, then teach them Sokoban, starting with extremely simple levels (walk up once to get a snack; walk up twice to get a snack; walk left twice; walk up twice, then down twice; walk up, then back down and right to get beneath the second crate, then up again...) and progressing towards actual Sokoban levels humans find interesting... If they possess general intelligence this system could tell us a lot more about its limits than a series of experiments that each requires building a physical apparatus and spending a bunch of time perfecting it and then teaching it to the animals from zero? Did I miss the answer when googling? Is it that it's common knowledge among researchers that no animal possesses anywhere near enough intelligence to learn Sokoban (or 2048, or any non-real-time puzzle game with simple discrete controls, but I'm pretty sure Sokoban is a near optimal choice) so nobody even tries, nor bothers publishing it (or it's written in the basic textbooks that I didn't bother looking through)? Do researchers in the field lack access to a technologist that could help them build something like Sokoban For Crows? Or is it something else that I don't know I don't know?
乌鸦会利用交通和人行横道获取坚果，是环境利用的实例。
有人观察到乌鸦利用车流来压碎坚果，甚至会利用人行横道找机会取回被压碎的坚果。
Animats查看英文原文
Crows have been seen using traffic to crack nuts. Including using a crosswalk to get a chance to retrieve the cracked nuts.[1] [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGPGknpq3e0
批评以人类语言能力为尺度低估动物智能的 anthropocentrism。
人类对其他动物拥有深层智力、情感和思想仍然感到惊讶，这让我一直很意外。仿佛动物不会说英语或人类语言，就成了它们的某种缺陷。
bmitc查看英文原文
It continues to surprise me that humans are surprised at other animals having deep intelligence and emotions and thoughts. As if the fact that animals don't speak English or whatever else human language is somehow a negative reflection upon them.
喂食后乌鸦会把常喂它们的人视为需要保护的伙伴，并攻击它认为的威胁。
我的乌鸦故事：我们有小孩，车后座总有很多饼干屑。回家时我们会把碎屑扔到车道上。很快每次车一开进来，乌鸦就排在电线上等免费大餐。更妙的是，一个孩子爱看鸟，我们常出去喂。某天我们在外面，有人从很近处走过；那人没有可识别的威胁，但乌鸦似乎认为我们有危险，几只冲下来攻击了路人。路人没事，但我读到乌鸦会根据要保护的对象把人分为朋友和敌人。
sharkweek查看英文原文
My crow story, which I think I've mentioned on here before. We have young children, and thus the back of our car is always a little disgusting with things like goldfish crackers littered all over the floor and in-between the cracks of their car seats. We got in the habit of throwing the crumbs out onto the driveway when we got home. It didn't take long for us to notice anytime we pulled in, the crows would be lined up on the power lines waiting for their free meal. But it gets better. One of my kids loves watching the birds, so we go out there and do so a lot. Sometimes we throw them some crackers etc. for free entertainment. We were outside one day and someone walked by pretty close to us. They didn't pose any (recognizable) threat, but apparently the crows thought we were in some sort of danger because several swooped down and attacked the person walking by. They were totally fine after the crow mauling, but I did read that crows do view people as friend and foe, depending on what they might be trying to protect.
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