历史与人物m.spiegel.de
没有版权法：德国工业扩张的真正原因？
No Copyright Law: The Real Reason for Germany’s Industrial Expansion? (2010)
2018 — 2021，它一次次回到首页
黑点是上首页（≥ 50 分）的那次投稿，空心点是没冲上去的投稿，点越大分数越高。
导读
这篇《明镜周刊》文章提出一个反直觉观点：19世纪德国没有版权法，使廉价书籍和百科全书广泛流通，普及了技术与知识，反而成为德国工业崛起的重要推手。文章借此质疑现代版权制度是否真的促进了创新。
为什么经久不衰：它用历史案例挑战'更强知识产权=更多创新'的流行假设，在开源软件和版权改革争论持续的今天依然极具启发性。
HN 评论精选
瑞士化工与制药巨头的崛起同样得益于19世纪末无专利法
我完全不知道德国的情况，但瑞士化工和制药业如今的实力，众所周知源于19世纪末瑞士没有专利法：一些法国化学家为规避法国专利移居瑞士。著名例子是Alexander Clavel，1859年他未经许可使用法国专利创办了丝绸染色企业Ciba AG。Ciba后来成为Ciba-Geigy，再后来成为诺华——今天全球最大的制药公司之一。来源：苏黎世瑞士国家博物馆。（瑞士1907年才引入专利法。）
littlestymaar查看英文原文
I had no idea about the situation in Germany, but it's a well-known fact that the current power of the Swiss chemical and pharmaceutical industry comes from the lack of patents law in Switzerland during the late 19th century[1]: a few French chemists moved to Switzerland to circumvent the French patents. A well-known example is Alexander Clavel who, in 1859, founded Ciba AG, a silk-dyeing business using a French patent with no license. Ciba later became Ciba-Geigy, which later became Novartis. One of the biggest pharma corp in the world today. Source: Swiss National Museum, Zurich. [1] : Patents were only introduced in the Swiss law in 1907.
发展中国家靠宽松IP崛起，发达后却踢开梯子阻止他人效仿
剑桥经济学家张夏准的《踢开梯子》一书描述了宽松的知识产权监管如何成为许多国家经济发展的核心。可悲的是，一旦国家发展到一定水平，它们往往就会实施更强的知识产权保护，以阻挡后来者。
philipps查看英文原文
Cambridge economist Ha-Joon Chang’s book “Kicking Away the Ladder” describes how loose IP regulation has been at the center of the economic development of many countries. Sadly, once countries have developed to a certain level they tend to implement stronger IP to protect their position against other countries. http://www.paecon.net/PAEtexts/Chang1.htm
知识产权法阻碍人们基于现有知识做最优决策，开源的成功印证了这一点
支持知识产权法的论点确实存在，但很难回避一个事实——这本来就是有意为之——即它给人们基于现有知识做出最明智决策设置了障碍。时间越久，开源软件的优势越明显。看着这个概念从疯言疯语变成软件业显而易见的支柱，真是莫大的幸运。我们已经见过几次了：一个社会若想真正进步，就会放松知识产权限制。进步发生在人们能自由做出好决定的时候。
roenxi查看英文原文
There are arguments in favour of IP law, but it is difficult to escape from the fact - intentional outcome, really - that it puts barriers in front of people making the most sensible decision based on the current state of knowledge. The more time passes, the more advantages accrue to open source software. It has been a true privilege to watch as the concept went from lunatic rantings to such an obvious pillar of the software industry that people in a workplace have to justify and argue for why they can't just run postgres on linux. We've seen it a few times now - if a society wants to actually make progress they loosen IP restrictions. Fast progress happens when people are free to make good decisions.
美国纺织业当年也是靠无视英国专利起家的
殖民地时期美国繁荣的一个原因，就是他们在建立纺织业时无视英国专利。降低复用摩擦是D语言的核心主题——我们使用Boost许可证：它不要求在生成的二进制文件中署名，不涉及专利授权，不阻止任何营利性使用，也不附带任何议程。我本想直接用公有领域，但有些国家不承认PD，所以Boost是次优选择。
WalterBright查看英文原文
One reason colonial America prospered was they ignored British patents in setting up the textile industry. Minimizing the friction for reuse is a central theme of the D programming language - we use the Boost license: https://www.boost.org/users/license.html In particular, it does not require attribution in the generated binaries, nor does it require any patent licensing, nor does it prevent any use for profit, nor come with any agenda whatsoever. I would have simply made it Public Domain, but PD is not recognized in some countries. So Boost is the next best thing.
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